Citizens with More Educational Experience are Less Likely to Engage in Illegal and Criminal Activities

Multitudinous factors cause crime engagement to decrease. However, policymakers are paying increasing attention to education as the key strategy to combat crimes. Therefore, this essay argues that citizens with more educational experience are less likely to engage in illegal and criminal activities. In the form of a literature review, there are three claims proposed which supported by an abundance of relevant evidence. Firstly, education is conducive to employment, thereby reducing the crime rate. Secondly, education inhibits citizens’ desire to engage in delinquency. Thirdly, schools prevent young people from committing crimes. In addition, prior researchers also put forward a main counterargument that education may have a light risk of promoting crime. Combining these three claims and refutation, this essay concluded that more educational experience is beneficial to efforts to reduce engagement in illegal and criminal activities, but not absolute. Moreover, I also proposed some personal recommendations to policymakers and researchers

The Use of Palladium as a Matrix Modifier for Lead Using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Techniques

Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) has been widely used as an analytical technique for trace level lead concentration determinations in a variety of applications such as blood, urine and soil. Based on a large amount of research on trace level lead analysis, this study targeted the development of a method for the determination of trace level lead with palladium as the matrix modifier using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The most important factors that affect lead absorbance signals are ashing temperature, atomization temperature and modifier concentration. A variable condition for trace level lead analysis by GFAAS has been selected and discussed through experiments. In this study, lead absorbance with and without a palladium modifier was obtained by varying ashing or atomization temperatures while keeping other variables constant. The study of these variables generated some very interesting results. With a palladium as matrix modifier, ashing temperature can be used up to 80QoC. This is desirable because a high ashing temperature will free lead from bulk matrix. Atomization temperatures can be chosen from 12000C to 19000C with a minimum impact of lead absorptio

Constraints on a new alternative model to dark energy

The recent type Ia supernova data suggest that the universe is accelerating now and decelerated in recent past. This may provide the evidence that the standard Friedmann equation needs to be modified. We analyze in detail a new model in the context of modified Friedmann equation using the supernova data published by the High-$z$ Supernova Search Team and the Supernova Cosmology Project. The new model explains recent acceleration and past deceleration. Furthermore, the new model also gives a decelerated universe in the future.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, use ws-ijmpd, minor changes made. In the new version, a detailed derivation of the model is give

The Text Analysis of National Education Policy 2020

This paper first briefly introduces the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP) document formulated by the Indian government and the five education theories (traditional academic theory, learner-centred theory, human capital theory, social efficiency theory and social reconstruction theory) in the field of education. Through relevant literature review, five educational theories or ideologies are proven that they cannot be fully applied in pedagogy. As such, this paper proposes a refutation perspective for each educational theory, showing my adequate understanding and critical awareness of education research. After that, these five significant educational theories are used to analyse the NEP contents from pages 1 to 32. Combining my direct observation and thematic coding of NEP text with the focus ideas of five education theories, the final result of this paper illustrates that social efficiency theory is most dominant in NEP; thereby, the Indian government needs to consider how to balance their education ideology. At the end of this work, I show personal consideration regarding the NEP measures that target India’s current focus social issues: Indian educators still must test and justify the rationality and effectiveness of these education policies formulated in NEP by future practices